Explain the relationship between mental health problems and society Essay

The way in which the public perceive people with mental health impairments is constantly being called into question. The relationship between mental health and social problems are prominent in day to day life, but can be experienced and viewed on varying levels-this is dependent on individuals. Stigma and discrimination stem from personal ignorance and fear, whether the person is not well educated enough to understand illness or is ignorant to it; realistically the ignorance is more likely to cause social problems on an individual basis. The public needs a better awareness and understanding of what mental health is and how it affects people and the support network around them. (Angermeyer and Matschinger 2005) Argue that members of the public have limited knowledge of mental illness and what they do know can sometimes be entirely incorrect. (Thornicroft 2006) States that the public believe having a mental illness reduces intelligence and the ability to make decisions and that some people still believe schizophrenia means having a split personality. In addition, (Thornicroft 2006) say it is common for the public to not grasp the difference between mental illness and learning disabilities. This can lead to common misconceptions in society. (McLeod, S. A 2008). Social Roles and Social Norms – Simply Psychology. Retrieved from http://www.simplypsychology.org/social-roles.htmlthere) There are many ways that people can influence our behavior, but perhaps one of the most important is that the presence of others seems to set up expectations. Social Norms are unwritten rules about how to behave. They provide us with an expected idea of how to behave in a particular social group or culture. Because some people don’t fit into this social norm (Time to Change. 2008. Stigma Shout[online] available at: http://www.time-to-change.org.uk/research-reports-publications [accessed 30th September 2013) state 9 out of 10 people with mental health problems have been affected by stigma and discrimination and more than two thirds have stopped doing things they wanted to do because of stigma. Having aspirations and wanting to be in employment gives a certain level of self-esteem and people are generally in a much better position to build  social relationships and contribute to society, this in turn helps; the community, the nation, and fellow man. Still people with severe mental health problems have a lower rate of employment than any other disabled group, but are proved more likely than any other group with disabilities to want to have a job and desire work. Up to 90% of people suffering from mental health issues say they would like to work this is compared to 52% of disabled people (Stanley K, Maxwell D 2004. Fit for purpose London: IPPR). Campaigners such as ‘Time to Change’ are reaching out to the media particularly through social networking to make people more aware and be more open to recognising early signs of mental health problems, this will in turn help reduce the number of unreported mental health problems in the UK. The WHO Mental Health Survey Consortium (2004) previously reported that up to 85% of people with serious mental disorders did not receive treatment in a one year period (World Health Organisation – Prevalence, severity, and unmet need for treatment of mental disorders in the World Health Organisation world mental health surveys 2004. 291:p. 2581-2590). Anti-stigma campaigns can help build a better relationship between mental health and social problems in a positive manner. Direct social contact with people with mental health problems is without doubt the most effective way to change public attitudes so the greater the awareness the higher chance of people leaving personal prejudices behind. 77% of adults believe that the media does not do a good job in educating people about mental illness (Priory Group 2007. Crying shame. Leatherhead, Surrey: Priory Group). There are many different perspectives and understandings of mental health and opinions vary significantly even when different people are presented with the same situation involving someone apparently experiencing mental distress (Dr Colin King, Model Values 2009 cited Colombo et al, 2003a and b). Historically, the dominant model for explanations of mental disorders has been the ‘Medical Model’ which treats mental disorders in the same way as a physical cause and assumes the mental illness comes about primarily as a result of biochemical, genetic deviations, chemical imbalances or trauma which give rise to symptoms. These symptoms are classified by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV), which then leads to a  diagnoses and drugs prescribed or in more serious cases electro-convulsive therapy (ECT) or psychosurgery are used; the latter being the very last resort if other treatments prove to fail. With this model the treatment can be fast and therefore empowering people to live the life they have desired without having to stay in care homes or hospitals, though it is a double edged sword because as with all drugs there are side effects; it is known for ECT treatment to cause memory loss. Taking antipsychotic pills can cause weight gain and increase the chance of developing diabetes among other side effects. The Medical Model is alluring because it is succinct, tangible, and easily understandable and is in accordance with a scientific method which relies on objective and measurable observation. There have been three types of studies to provide evidence to support this view which have been family, twin studies- and adoption studies. The ‘Social Model’ looks at other sociological reasons to possible causes of mental health and is based on an understanding of the complexity of human health and well-being and supports the social networks of people who are vulnerable and frail. It takes the wider view that the ability to undertake such activities is limited by social barriers and shows the limitation of activity is not caused by impairments but a consequence of social barriers, this shifts the emphasis towards those aspects of the world that can be adapted and changed (The Social Model of Disability and The Disability Discrimination Act). The management of the problem requires social action and is the collective responsibility of society at large to make the environmental modifications necessary for the full participation of people with disabilities in all areas of social life. The issue is both cultural and ideological and requires individual, community and a large scale social change and from this perspective, equal access for someone with an impairment or disability is a human rights issue of major concern. Social model thinking has important implications for the education system too, and particularly primary and secondary schools. Prejudiced attitudes toward disabled people and all minority groups are not innate. They are learned through contact with the prejudice and ignorance of others. To conclude mental health and social problems can be non-excitant if society  focuses on the two dominant models ‘Medical & Social’. The two are the perfect example of a lasting relationship, intertwined with one another. Without the social model stigma and discrimination create barriers and without the medical model treatment would not be diagnosed and treated. With the two models society can empower individuals to live the life they desire, strive for and deserve. People with mental health problems should be safe guarded and encouraged to participate in their community regardless of their age, race, or disability. If society tackles problems with mental health and social problems people face the world would be a better and more positive place to live.

Causes and Prevention of Poor Health Essay

In many countries, especially the United States, behaviors leading to poor health start early in life. The three â€Å"leading causes of preventable death in the United States are smoking, obesity, and alcohol abuse† (Science Daily, 2006). Along with these problems, â€Å"a lack of exercise, drug abuse, and sexually transmitted diseases were prominent in young adults† (Science Daily, 2006). Some reasons for these problems are children and young adults spending more time inside playing video games and watching television instead of going outside to play or to participate in a sport. Often young adults are left to take care of themselves after school and during the summer vacation, and their diets tend to suffer. Smoking, alcohol use, and drug use are all glorified in movies and on television, and some young people feel that they need to copy those actions to make themselves â€Å"cool† in the eyes of others. Insufficient sexual education at home and at school contributes to disease and unwanted pregnancy. To change these behaviors, more must be done to teach children to take care of their bodies. Even a small child can be taught to enjoy good foods, at the very least in school lunches, and can be taught that playing is more fun than watching television. Because some children live in areas where outside play is limited, schools and non profit organizations should step in and offer plenty of physical education and after school activities. After school activities and school vacation programs can also help with the drug, alcohol, and smoking problems. Having good role models demonstrate clean lifestyles and teach the dangers of harmful activities may cause some children to never start them. Finally, sex education must be provided in some form before children feel the urges to become sexually active. Programs that teach young people how difficult it is to care for a child and how devastating a sexually transmitted disease can be, and in some cases how deadly they can be, need to start early and be carried through all the years of schooling. Children must be made aware of how special their bodies are, and how they can carefully tend to them to make them strong, healthy, and last for a long time. The earlier they can be taught this, the less poor health there will be in the United States.

Organisational structure of big bazaar Essay

The retail sector in India can broadly be classified as organized and unorganized where the share of unorganized sector is more than 93% of the total and includes the kirana stores, mom and pop stores and the ilk. The organized or modern retail sector on the other hand captures a mere 7% of the total market share. Modern retail is defined as a form of retailing whereby consumers can buy goods from a similar purchase environment across more than one physical location and operates under three levels: Specialist stores catering to some particular category of product such as footwear, pharma & beauty, food and grocery etc. – classified under level I. Departmental stores that cater to a few categories of retail put under level II, and malls where we find an agglomeration of many departmental stores, hypermarkets etc – classified under level III retail. ABSTRACT The growing number of modern retail outlets in India on the one hand and frequent sale seasons and talks of underperformance on the other point to a mixed bag and make us wonder whether the sector is on the right growth trajectory. In this report, rather than providing with just the facts, we have tried to understand the modern retail sector from an economist’s point of view and visualize its future-whether it is in its expansion or contraction phase. Motivated by the rising per-capita incomes and increased  spending on consumer goods, modern retail stores are coming up with new strategies and plans to unlock the Pandora box of the untapped and unorganized retail sector. In the course of the report, we try to find out – how the retail sector works, major regulations that affect its functioning and the challenges that await the sector and summarize with our analysis and recommendations. Note: We have used where we’ve analyzed the situation from a micro-economic point of view. INTRODUCTION The retail sector in India can broadly be classified as organized and unorganized where the share of unorganized sector is more than 93% of the total and includes the kirana stores, mom and pop stores and the ilk. The organized or modern retail sector on the other hand captures a mere 7% of the total market share. Modern retail is defined as a form of retailing whereby consumers can buy goods from a similar purchase environment across more than one physical location and operates under three levels: Specialist stores catering to some particular category of product such as footwear, pharma & beauty, food and grocery etc. – classified under level I. Departmental stores that cater to a few categories of retail put under level II, and malls where we find an agglomeration of many departmental stores, hypermarkets etc – classified under level III retail.

Multiple choice question and 3 short answered question Term Paper

Multiple choice question and 3 short answered question - Term Paper Example The law of demand states that for a rise (fall) in price, ceteris paribus, the quantity demanded of a good will fall (rise). The instances we saw were changes in factors that determine the quantity demanded at each price, or the demand. Changes in these factors causes changes in demand, while changes in price causes changes in quantity demanded. A change in quantity demanded for every given price constitutes a change in demand. Thus the instances discussed above are not about exhibitions of the law of demand. Rather, they exhibit the effects that changes in factors that influence demands have on quantity demanded at every price. THIS QUESTION DOES NOT MAKE SENSE. IS IT A RISE IN THE PRICE OF RIVAL CARS? OR CARS MANUFACTURED IN OTHER COUNTRIES? AN INCREASE IN THE PRICE OF CARS IN THE FRAMEWORK CONSIDERED IMPLIES AN INCREASE IN THE PRICE OF CARS IN EQUILIBRIUM AND THAT IS TYPICALLY ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASE IN DEMANDS OR A FALL IN SUPPLY CAUSED BY SOME UNDERLYING CHANGES IN FACTORS THAT AFFECT THESE LIKE INCOMES OR PRICE OF INPUTS ETC. The effects are unclear until we know how these manufacturing plants were related to the Australian cars. If they produced substitutes for markets where the Australian car makers also compete, then the demand for Australian cars will increase. The effect will be similar to case a) shown above. If however these are unrelated, then there will be no effects at all and the equilibrium point will remain unchanged. There are two potential effects on the supply. First, introduction of robotics may lead to increase in costs per unit. However, the labour that the robots replace will lead to savings on labour costs. Secondly, there will be an increase in efficiency that will lead to a reduction in costs. Thus on the net it is likely that the per unit costs of production will go down. In that case for every price a higher amount of supply

The development of Art Deco Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The development of Art Deco - Essay Example According to a website, Oaktown Art, â€Å"Art Deco was an international design movement popular in the 1920†²s and 30†²s, focused on themes of luxury, technology, modernization, and craftsmanship† . Art deco can be termed as an art movement that originated from Paris and within a span of very short time, it spread to both European and American regions. Art deco was basically an outcome of the earlier Art Nouveau movement . That movement was facing popularity decline by the end of the nineteenth century and some new modifications appeared necessary to keep art growing and flourishing. That was the reason why artists felt the need of adding some new themes to existing art. The modifications gained a level of acceptance and fame and within no time, art deco became one of the main trends related to the world of art. Art deco is similar to its previous form, Art Nouveau, in a sense that it also focuses on the significance of artisan craftsmanship. Art deco kept the same theme of Art Nouveau featuring curves, arcs, and natural motifs of flora and fauna . Although Art Deco has many features similar to Art Nouveau, but it is known as a modern form of art blended with the use of attractive colors schemes and sharps lines and edges. French artists are considered as the founders of Art Deco because they were the ones who started giving a new shape and look to exiting objects. The aim was to renovate the existing objects and make them, more attractive and appealing as compared to before. French artists are also known.

The European single market crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

The European single market crisis - Essay Example This essay entails of the factors that the Europe focuses to use in making positive changes stimulate economic growth. It outlines the various approaches that the country seeks to use in economic recovery process, asserting relative data sources and the theoretical perspective on the data’s view. The country’s policies propelled tremendous economic growth since the year 2009, with a relative increase in GDP. The highest marginal implication on the GDP was an overall increase by 3% throughout the years of 2009-2011. This was possible despite the many challenges that the state suffered after implementing the single market, which affected economic integrations. B Balassa encouraged the implementation of single markets with arguments that it would help the country achieve monetary union in the globe. They argued that single markets would help eliminate most of the barriers though this was not possible with the free movement of goods, services, people, and even capital (Bald win and Wyplosz, 2009: 256). As the European states aim at improving on their financial capacities, some of the main objectives laid down help in strategizing plans for the progress of the economy (Nello, 2009: 219). The stability of the euro is necessary to help build confidence to other states in trade transactions. The issue of maintaining the tax rates for enabling the prices of commodities to suit the consumer financial ability. Tax increase results to an increase in production costs and thereby increasing the commodities cost. This in return increases the living costs and demands for increases in salaries by the consumers. Another issue lies on creating an internal market for local commodities by laying import regulations within the region. This helps solve the cross border conflicts and increases efficiency of financial institutions between the regions (Piggott and Cook, 2006: 76). The crisis in the formation of single markets Through the integration of European countries, af ter periods of World War II between America and Europe has helped calm the economic crisis. Many economic treaties enacted helped improve on economic performance and to strengthen competition between the regions to help increase the quality competence of products from the two regions (Craig and Elliott, 2009: 209). The European Union also passed several acts in their agreement and gave directions on financial expenditures towards developing the rural areas and developing reliable energy production, which would majorly boost on the emergence of new industries increasing the economic activities in the region. Through the cohesion between the two regions, the internal market developed competence in the global market and thereby this ensured that the economy was strong even after the crisis (Cini and Borraga, 2010: 164). The European single market was at efforts to pursue single currency for all the member states and aimed at getting involved in international trades as one joint unit. T hey believed that such effort would help increase the trade area, reduce operational costs, and implement similar economic policies across al the union states. They had similar tariffs and quota systems with outside states but free trade within member states. They faced challenges on standardization of qualities and regulations and specifications for production. The lag by the union states in

Common law and equity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Common law and equity - Essay Example Equity was developed in order to overcome the inadequacies of common law. Equitable remedies are available in a number of areas where common law is either incapable of providing justice or is not faultless in providing justice to the individuals. The main purpose of equity jurisdiction is to support the existing laws. Equity was developed to propose principles that are either ignored by common law or not formally accepted in that set of law. Moreover, equity proposes certain remedies that are unavailable in common law. In certain circumstance, common law decisions or remedies are insufficient to provide justice to the innocent (Hudson, 2009). For instance, in the matters involving mortgages, where the lenders are to a piece of land as a security of the loan granted, the principles in equity and common law greatly distinguish from each other. Let’s assume that Angelina grants a loan of $5,000 to Joseph, after considering a piece of land as a security that worth $8,000. Accordin g to the contract, the land in question would be legally transferred on the name of the lender (Angelina), on the terms that she would retransfer the land on Josephs name if he repays the loan in the specified time. If Joseph fails to repay the loan in the specified time, common law gives no entitlement to Joseph for the land that was conveyed and the duty to repay the loan still exists. However, equity practices such situations in a different and more reasonable manner. According to the rules of equity, Joseph would be given another chance to repay the loan in a new specified time. If Joseph still fails to repay, the land which was let for security will be sold and the loan will be repaid. The additional amount would be given to Joseph as it belongs to him. It is not just the matters of mortgages where equity provides a more reasonable and just decision but it also works better in many other areas. Equity and common law are not only different in terms of laws and